HGNC ID: 4191
Target Abstract:
Glucagon is produced by the pancreas α A peptide hormone produced by cells, consisting of 29 amino acids with a molecular weight of 3485 Da, plays a crucial role in glucose metabolism and homeostasis. The function of glucagon is to increase the concentration of glucose in the blood, and it is also used as a medication to treat some health conditions. It is opposite to the insulin effect of reducing glucose. When the glucose concentration in the blood is too low, the pancreas releases glucagon. Glucagon converts the stored glycogen in the liver into glucose, which is then released into the bloodstream. On the other hand, high blood sugar levels stimulate insulin release. Glucagon promotes the absorption and consumption of glucose by insulin dependent tissues, therefore, glucagon and insulin are part of the feedback system that maintains stable blood sugar levels. Abnormal elevation of glucagon may be caused by pancreatic tumors, such as glucagon tumors, characterized by necrolytic erythema, low amino acids, and high blood sugar. This phenomenon can occur alone or in a type I environment with multiple endocrine tumors.
GCG Target Infomation Overview
- Target Symbol: GCG, glucagon
- Gene Groups: Receptor ligands
- Alias: GLP1; GLP2; GRPP; GLP-1
GCG, glucagon Target Infomation by Species
- Human
- Mouse
- Rat
Human GCG Target Information
- Target Symbol: GCG, glucagon
- Alias:
- glicentin-related polypeptide
- GLP-1
- GLP1
- GLP2
- glucagon-like peptide 1
- glucagon-like peptide 2
- GRPP
- preproglucagon
- pro-glucagon
- NCBI_Gene: 2641
- UniProtKB: P01275
Human GCG Predicted Functions
Enables gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor binding activity and identical protein binding activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including positive regulation of bicellular tight junction assembly; positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus; and protein kinase A signaling. Predicted to act upstream of or within negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis; positive regulation of gluconeogenesis; and positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation. Predicted to be located in cytoplasm. Predicted to be active in extracellular space. Implicated in Alzheimer’s disease and prediabetes syndrome.
Mouse Gcg Target Information
- Target Symbol: Gcg, glucagon
- Alias:
- GLP-1
- Glu
- glucagon-like peptide I
- PPG
- NCBI_Gene: 14526
Mouse Gcg Predicted Functions
Predicted to enable identical protein binding activity and signaling receptor binding activity. Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of protein phosphorylation; positive regulation of transport; and regulation of intracellular signal transduction. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including positive regulation of gluconeogenesis; positive regulation of histone H3-K4 methylation; and regulation of insulin secretion. Located in cytoplasm and extracellular space. Is expressed in several structures, including brain; gut; and urogenital ridge. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Alzheimer’s disease and prediabetes syndrome. Orthologous to human GCG (glucagon).
Rat Gcg Target Information
- Target Symbol: Gcg, glucagon
- Alias:
- GLP-1
- Glp1
- glucagon-like peptide-1
- pro-glucagon
- NCBI_Gene: 24952
Rat Gcg Predicted Functions
Enables glucagon receptor binding activity and hormone activity. Involved in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; negative regulation of appetite; and response to L-arginine. Located in extracellular space. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in Alzheimer’s disease and prediabetes syndrome. Orthologous to human GCG (glucagon).
