Target Abstract: Prostatic Acid Phosphatase (PAP/ACPP, also known as PSAP) is an enzyme produced by the prostate gland. As a non-specific phosphomonoesterase, it is synthesized under the regulation of androgens and secreted into semen. The enzyme has a dimeric structure with a molecular weight of approximately 100 kilodaltons. As a biomarker for prostate cancer, prostatic acid phosphatase holds significant importance in clinical research; additionally, it may play a certain role in the fertilization process. The main function of PAP is to dephosphorylate macromolecules using its catalytic residues (His(12) and Asp(258)) located between the two domains. Intracellular prostatic acid phosphatase is a true tyrosine phosphatase, which is believed to inhibit the growth of prostate cancer cells by dephosphorylating ErbB-2. In prostate cancer cells, this enzyme acts as a neutral protein tyrosine phosphatase, capable of dephosphorylating phosphotyrosine residues on HER-2/ErbB-2/Neu molecules. Injection of the secreted isoform of PAP into a mouse model of chronic pain produces a significant analgesic effect. The enzyme also exhibits exo-5’-nucleotidase activity, is distributed in various tissues of the body, and is associated with the development of chronic pain. Furthermore, for patients with non-prostatic adenocarcinomas (such as colon cancer and gastric cancer), PAP may serve as a target molecule for specific immunotherapies.
ACP3 Target Infomation Overview
- Target Symbol: ACP3, acid phosphatase 3
- Gene Groups: Acid phosphatases
- Alias: ACP-3; PAP; TM-PAP
- Previous Names: ACPP
- Alias Names: acid phosphatase, prostate; prostatic acid phosphatase
ACP3 Target Infomation by Species
- Human
- Mouse
- Rat
Human ACP3 Target Information
- Target Symbol: ACP3, acid phosphatase 3
- Alias:
- 5'-NT
- 5'-nucleotidase
- acid phosphatase, prostate
- ACP-3
- ACPP
- ecto-5'-nucleotidase
- PAP
- prostatic acid phosphatase
- prostatic acid phosphotase
- thiamine monophosphatase
- TM-PAP
- TMPase
- NCBI_Gene: 55
- UniProtKB: P15309
Human ACP3 Predicted Functions
Enables molecular adaptor activity; phosphatase activity; and protein homodimerization activity. Involved in several processes, including adenosine metabolic process; positive regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway; and regulation of sensory perception of pain. Located in extracellular space and plasma membrane. Implicated in prostate cancer. Biomarker of prostate cancer.
Mouse Acp3 Target Information
- Target Symbol: Acp3, acid phosphatase 3
- Alias:
- 5'-NT
- A030005E02Rik
- acid phosphatase, prostate
- Acpp
- Acpp11
- AI324033
- expressed sequence AI324033
- FRAP
- pap
- PAP
- Ppal
- RIKEN cDNA A030005E02 gene
- RNACPP11
- NCBI_Gene: 56318
Mouse Acp3 Predicted Functions
Enables thiamine phosphate phosphatase activity. Involved in nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process; regulation of sensory perception of pain; and thiamine metabolic process. Located in filopodium; plasma membrane; and vesicle membrane. Is expressed in epithelium of phallic urethra of female; epithelium of phallic urethra of male; genital tubercle mesenchyme of female; and urethral plate. Used to study prostate cancer. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in prostate cancer. Orthologous to human ACP3 (acid phosphatase 3).
Rat Acp3 Target Information
- Target Symbol: Acp3, acid phosphatase 3
- Alias:
- 5'-NT
- 5'-nucleotidase
- acid phosphatase prostate
- acid phosphatase, prostate
- Acpp
- Acpp11
- ecto-5'-nucleotidase
- fluoride-resistant acid phosphatase
- FRAP
- pap
- Ppal
- prostatic acid phosphatase
- prostatic acid phosphatase (rPAP)
- RNACPP11
- thiamine monophosphatase
- TMPase
- NCBI_Gene: 56780
Rat Acp3 Predicted Functions
Enables acid phosphatase activity; choline binding activity; and protein homodimerization activity. Predicted to be involved in several processes, including nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process; positive regulation of adenosine receptor signaling pathway; and thiamine metabolic process. Located in Golgi cisterna; apical part of cell; and cytoplasmic vesicle. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in prostate cancer. Orthologous to human ACP3 (acid phosphatase 3).